Trade marks. Protect brands, identity & logos.
Document Actions

6.2 Adding a positive limitation

Up one level

An applicant may attempt to overcome a citation by requesting a positive limitation be inserted to more clearly define the goods or services and remove any possibility of overlap with the cited marks goods or services. This would involve clearly identifying the area of conflict and substituting a more precise list of goods or services instead of the broad terms used in the existing specification. For example, the following amendments to the specification would be acceptable:


Original specification Cited mark's specification Amended specification
Electrical apparatus and instruments Electric plugs and sockets Electric arc cutting apparatus and electric arc welding apparatus
Computer software Computer game software Computer software for use in the energy sector


Where the goods or services of the cited mark are specifically related to a particular industry, field or type of good, the following amendments to the specification would be acceptable: 


Original specification Cited mark's specification Amended specification
Sporting articles Sporting articles for use in tennis Sporting articles; all being for use in golf
Spraying machines Agricultural machines and parts therefor Spraying machines; all for industrial use


However, it is unlikely that an applicant will be able to overcome a citation where the cited mark’s specification covers the entire class or where the cited mark’s specification is substantially broader than that of the applicant’s mark.


Last updated 24 June 2008

igovt log on

New to IPONZ?

about our services
how long will it take?